
\begingroup
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lcccccc}
   \toprule
    & \multicolumn{3}{c}{\makecell{Breakthrough patent \\ indicator \\ (mean = 0.17, sd = 0.38)}} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{\makecell{Technologies \\ per patent \\ (mean = 2.49, sd = 1.82)}}\\
\cmidrule(lr){2-4}  \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
                                                         & (1)           & (2)           & (3)           & (4)           & (5)           & (6)\\  
   \midrule 
\multicolumn{2}{l}{\textit{Panel A: Least-squares estimates}} &  \multicolumn{5}{c}{}\\ \cmidrule(lr){1-7}
   Genetic distance weighted surname diversity of patent & 0.014$^{***}$ & 0.009$^{***}$ & 0.009$^{***}$ & 0.031$^{***}$ & 0.018$^{***}$ & 0.017$^{***}$\\   
                                                         & (0.001)       & (0.001)       & (0.001)       & (0.005)       & (0.005)       & (0.005)\\   
    \\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{\textit{Panel B: Reduced-form estimates}} &  \multicolumn{5}{c}{}\\
\cmidrule(lr){1-7}
   Predicted genetic distance weighted surname diversity & 0.010$^{**}$  & 0.007$^{*}$   &  & 0.044$^{***}$ & 0.034$^{***}$ &  \\
                                                         & (0.004)       & (0.004)       &  & (0.013)       & (0.011)       &  \\
\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{\textit{Panel C: Instrumental-variable estimates}} &  \multicolumn{5}{c}{}\\
\cmidrule(lr){1-7}
   Genetic distance weighted surname diversity of patent & 1.279$^{*}$   & 0.966         &  & 5.562$^{**}$  & 4.730$^{**}$  &  \\
                                                         & (0.674)       & (0.594)       &  & (2.544)       & (2.407)       &  \\
\\
   Sanderson-Windmeijer \textit{F}-stat                  & 8             & 7             &  & 8             & 7             &  \\
\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{\textit{Panel D: First-stage estimates}} &  \multicolumn{5}{c}{}\\
\cmidrule(lr){1-7}
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\makecell{Genetic distance weighted \\ surname diversity of patent}} & \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-3}
   Predicted genetic distance weighted surname diversity & 0.008$^{***}$ & 0.007$^{***}$ &  &  &  &  \\
                                                         & (0.003)       & (0.003)       &  &  &  &  \\
    \\
   Team size fixed effects                               & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$\\   
   County fixed effects                                  & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$  &               & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$  & \\  
   State-Period fixed effects                            & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$  &               & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$  & \\  
   Patent technology field-Period fixed effects          &               & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$  &               & $\checkmark$  & $\checkmark$\\   
   County-Period fixed effects                           &               &               & $\checkmark$  &               &               & $\checkmark$\\   
   Observations                                          & 1,451,459     & 1,451,459     & 1,451,459     & 1,451,459     & 1,451,459     & 1,451,459\\  
   \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\par\endgroup


